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COMPLETE GK FOR AGRICULTURE ENTRANCE BY GORAKH DHAMI





CHAPTER 1.   ABOUT IAAS / AFU AND SOME AFFAIRS

              1.1  INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL SCIENCE (IAAS)

§        Began as a school of Agriculture under ministry of Agriculture in 1957 to train JTA’s in agriculture.
§        School of agriculture upgraded to college level in 1968
§        It was entitled IAAS in 1972 as a constituent institute of Tribhuwan University and located the specific place at Rampur in the same year.
§        The institute has 230 hac of land for its academic and research programs at Rampur.
§        Lamjung Campus located at Sundarbazar Lamjung was established in 1975 and has about 18 hac of land.
§        Paklihawa Campus at Rupandehi established in 1978 with area of about 22 hac of land.
§        In 1998 the institute started M.Sc.Ag program.
§        In 2001 the semester system of study in bachelor level was introduced.
§        Ph.D degree course started in 2002.
§        Campus chief of IAAS lamjung ®Dr. Lal psd Amgain
§        present Dean à Prof. Shyam Sankar jha
§        4th of Bhadra is celebrated as IAAS day.
§        Logo of IAAS was designed by Thakur Prasad Mainali
      1.2 ABOUT AFU
§        THE first agriculture and forestry university of Nepal .
§        Established in June 2010 at Rampur Chitwan.
§        University formed merging the then IAAS Ranpur and the then IOF Hetauda.
§        Rampur academic complex extends to an reas of 280 hac
§        Hetauda forestry campus has an area of 95 hac.
§        17th June (3rd Ashad) is celebrated as AFU day.
§        Chancellor à Prime Minister of Nepal.
§        1st VC of AFU àProf.Dr Kailash Nath pyakural
§        1st RagisteràDr.Surya Kant Ghimire
§        Present VC of AFU ®Prof. Dr.Ishwari Psd Dhakal
§        Dean under Agriculture Science à Prof. Dr. Dilliram Baral
§        Dean under Veterinary Science à Prof. Dr. I.P. Dhakal
§        Dean under Forestry Science à Prof. Ramesh Kumar Pandey.
1.3 PRESENT CHAIRPERSONS OF…..
§        Public Service commission - Umesh Psd  Mainali
§        Human Rights commission - Anup Raj Sharma
§        CIAAS- Lokman SIngh Karki
§        chief election commissioner- Ayodhi Psd Yadav
§        National reconstruction commission -Sushil Gyawali
§        Chief justice - Sushila Karki ( first female chief justice)
§        VC OF TU- PROF. DR Tirth Khaniya
§        IGP of police - Upendra kant aryal
§        chair person of Teachers service commission -Tana Gautam
§        Chief secretary of Nepal government -DR Somlal Subedi
§        VC of Midwestern University -Dr . Upendra Psd Koirala
§        VC of farwestern university -Bhusan Shrestha
§        information commission - Krishna Hari Baskota
§        Commander in chief of Nepal Army - Rajendra chhetri
§         Chairman of National planning commission-primeminister /vice chairman ®Dr. Min bahadur shrestha
§        Nepal electricity commission chief commissioner ® KULMAN GHISING
§        Chief justice of Nepal àSushila karki(First female chief justice)
§        First Female president of Nepal®Bidhya Devi Bhandari
§        Firstfemale speaker of The parliament®Onsari Gharti
§        First Female minister ® Dwarika Devi Thakurani

1.4 AFFAIRS BY HEART
§        The participation in COP 22 from Nepal ®  Mr. Jaya Dev Joshi (MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION )
§        Remmitence company of the year  2016 ® IME Ltd
§        Nepal Quality Award 2073( Nepal gunastar award )®Jagadamba cement
§        Hospital of the year 2016 ® Grandi Interantional hospital
§        Best new destination award 2016®Chandragiri hill
§        With and for girls award 2016®SHAKTI SAMUHA
§        THE rank of Nepal IN development of   information technology 2016®136th
§        industrial peace prize 2072 is awarded to karmchari sanchayan kosh in government sector and SBI bank in private sector
§        Narayan  gopal memorial award 2016 awarded to ®Gyanu Rana and Mira Rana
§        Miss capital 2016 ® AYESTHA JOSHI
§        8th convention of BRICS Was held in ®INDIA (2016 0CTOBER )
§        Bank of the year 2016 ® Standard Chartered Bank Nepal 


CHAPTER 2.   SPORTS AFFAIRS
 2.1 SAARC  AFFAIRS 

§         12TH  south asian games 2016 helds in GUWAHATI AND SHILLONG   INDIA 5-16 FEB. champion INDIA (188GOLD, 90 SILVER,30 BRONZE) TOTAL=308 MEDALS
§        GOLD MEDAL IN FOOTBALL 2016 SAG- Nepal (MALE )/ FEMALE TEAM- INDIA
§        2672 ATHLETS (384 FROM Nepal)  participated in 226 events in SAG 2016
§        Motto of SAG 2016- PLAY FOR PEACE PROGRESS AND PROSPORITY
§        Bangabandhu football trophee- awarded to Nabayug shrestha (2016/ held in bangladesh) winner - Nepal
§        TIKHOR ( THE baby Rhino ) - moscot of 12 th SAG.
§        winner of SAFF U- 16 CHAMPIONSHIP 2016- BANGLADESH /WINNER 2015 SAFF U-19- Nepal /WINNER SAFFCHAMPIONSHIP 2015- INDIA
§        ASIA CUP CRICKET 2016 WINNER( held in Bangladesh) - INDIA
§        IPL 2016 WINNER- SUNRISERS HAIDARABAD / ORANGE CAP WINNER WITH MOST RUNS IN IPL CRICKET- VIRAT KOHALI (973 RUNS )
§        WInner of  "Asian zonal three point two chess competition 2015 " and got the title of " FIDEMASTER"- Rupesh jaisawal (Nepal )
§        WINNER OF FIRST SOUTH ASIAN VOLLYBALL TOURNAMENT 2015- INDIA 

2.2 SPORTS INTERNATIONAL
§        European best player award 2016 - Christiano RONALDO
§        Winner of Eurocup football 2016® portugal Best player /golden boot or golden ball winner in this game ® Anotine Griezmann 6 GOALS / moscot of the game ®super victor
§        Asia cup football tournament 2015 winner ®Australia
§        Winner of " african nations cup football tournament  2015 "® ivory cost
§         Winner team of first himalayan gold cup football 2016  held in  Malasiya - friends -11
§        Winner of 2015/2016 Women Wimbledon womens single event /Australian open tennis tournament 2015 à Serena Williams (7th time) /winner of  wimbledon tennis Mens single event 2016  ®Andy Murray who is winner of BMW open tennis tournament 2015 AND Devis cup tennis tournament 2015 in mans single event also.
§         Winner of " Rogers cup tennis tournament 2016"/" US OPEN TENNIS 2015"  /"French open tennis tournament Mens single event 2016 " ®Novak Djokovic( womens single event french open 2016 winner ® Angelique Kerber)  / Us open tennis 2015 woman®Flavia pennetta
§         
§        2015 FiFA Womens World Cup football à USA (5 – 2 against Japan hosted by Canada
§        2019 FIFA Womens World Cup football Wll be held in ®France
§        2016 UEFA (UNION OF EUROPEAN FOOTBALL ASS0CIATION) Champions League à  Real Madrid (11times) first runner up ® Atlético Madrid/ winner of UEFA Europa League football 2016®Sevilla
§        UEFA (UNION OF EUROPEAN FOOTBALL ASS0CIATION) Champions League started in ®1955
§         FIFA was founded in 1904,
§        Held @ Brazil
§        Winner à Germany
§        Final Match à Argentina Vs Germany (0-1)
§        Golden Ball Winner à Lionel Messi
§        Golden Glove Winner à Manuel Neuer
§        Golden Boot Winner à James Rodriguez/ copa -
§        FIFA rank of Nepal ®175.1
§        FIFA worldcup  2018 will held in®Russia 32 TEAMS are going to be participated
§        The headquarters of FIFA(International Federation of As sociation Football) located In
® Switzerland
§        football World Cup held for the first time-1930AD from  Uruguay and winner was  Uruguay
ANFA
§        ANFA® All Nepal Football Association founded in ®1951 / Present president of ANFA ® MR. NARENDRA SHRESTHA/ present GENERAL SECRETARY® MR. DHIRENDRA PRADHAN / present  COACH® MR. RAJU KAJI SHAKYA
§        The first Nepali footballer to score the first international goal for Nepal in a FIFA-recognized tournament was Y.B Ghale. He scored against Kuwait in the 1982 Asian Games.
§        Nepal played their first interNational football match on October 13, 1972, where they lost 2-6 to ®the People's Republic of China.
§        winner of PATHIBHARA GOLD CUP 2073® Gorkha sporting club , Jhapa
§        The winner of 2 ten USA cup cricket 2016 held in Texas ®Nepali Rhinocers Team
§        solidarity cup football 2016®winner Nepal (defeted Makau by1-0)
§        Asian football 2019 is going to be Held in ®UAE
§        winner of World cup cricket tropphy 2015 ®AUSTRALIA / Winner of 20 – 20 World Cup cricket final 2014 à Srilanka
§        winner of ICC U-19 world cup 2016/ACC U-16 premier league   ®Nepal/ Nepali women team had won the first international blind womans cricket tournament 2014 / winner of ACC U-19 Premier league-®Afganistan  /winner of  2016 ICC twenty -20 cup  man and womens both ®West indies
§        Gold medlist in australian national judo championship 2026®Mohan BOM( Nepal )
§        winner of international 80 km Ultra marathon held in France on 27 june 2015®Mira RAI (bhojpur Nepal 12 hours 30 minutes )
§        "Winner of international Elephant polo  Trophy -2016 " held in Amaltari Nepal  ®EFC Switzerkand
§        Chile won the Cope America Cup @ 2015 and 2016 /best player of copa america cup 2016-Alexis Sanchez(chile) / fair play award winner - Argentina
§        Cope America is World’s oldest football tournament.
§        World Cup Football started in 1930 from Uruguay
§        First winner of World Cup football Uruguay
§        World Cup cricket started in 1975 from UK.
§        Modern Olympic Games started in 1896 in Greece./
§        ANFA related to Football, CAN related to Cricket
§        Nepal Sports Council established in 2017.
§        First National Game held on Bhadra 27, 2038 B.S. Kathmandu.
§        Olympic held for physical disable à Paraolymic
§        Sangina Baidya related to Taekwondo.
§        Which is the place famous for Elephant polo in the world? (Chitwan, Nepal)
§        Magician of Football à Pele of Brazil
§        The largest organization in the world concerning football à FIFA
§        World cup Football 2022 to be held @ Quatar and 2018 @ Russia
§        Corner kick, free kick, dribble, goal kick, upside, penalty, throw in, etc related to football
§        Pass, bye, wicket, cover drive, run out, catch, inning à cricket
§        Fingering, digging, service, spike, block point à volleyball
§        Tennis called Pingpong in China.
§        Kabaddi & Dandibiyo the National game of our country.

2.3 NUMBER OF PLAYERS IN SEVERAL GAMES  :
§        Cricket à 11
§        Kabaddi à 7
§        Baseball à 9
§        Kho – Kho à 9
§        Basket ball à 5
§        Football à 11

CHAPTER 3. SOME IMPORTANT DAYS AND FULL FORMS

§        Labour Day à May 1
§        UN Day à October 24
§        AIDS Day à December 1
§        Loktantra Day à Baisakh 11
§        Ganatantra Day à Jestha 15
§        World Water Day à March 22
§        World Women Day à March 8
§        World Earth Day à April 22
§        Environment Day à June 5
§        Population Day à July 11
§        Education Day à September 8
§        NARC Day à May 8
§        Sambidhan diwas-Ashoj 3
§        National Rice Day à Ashad 15
§        World Non-violence Day à October 2
§        World Food Day à October 16
§        World Veterinary Day à last Saturday of April
§        World Peace Day à September 11
§        World Farmers Day à December 23
§        Cooperative Day à Chaitra 20
The slogan of the World Environment Day 2015 was “Seven billion dreams, one planet consume with care



3.2 FULL FORMS
3 G -Third Generation
ADSL-Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
ATM- Automated Teller Machine
DOS- Disk Operating System
CDMA- Code Division Multiple Access
CV- Curriculum Vitae
DOA- Department of Agriculture
HTML-Hyper Text Markup Language
http- hiper text transfer protocal
FAO- Food & Agriculture Organization @ Rome,Italy
ILO- International Labour Organisation @ Geneva, Switzerland
NARC- Nepal Agriculture Research Council
CIMMYT- International Wheat & Maize Improvement Centre @ Mexico
IRRI- International Rice Research Institute @ Los Bonus, Philippines (in some literature Manila)
CIAT- International Center for Tropical Agriculture @ Columbia
CIP- International Potato Centre @ Lima, Peru
ILCA- International Livestock Centre of Africa @ Ethiopia
AVRDC- Asian Vegetable Research & Development Centre @ Taiwan
IUCN- International Union for Conservation of Nature & Natural resources
ADB- Asian Development Bank
DOTS- Directly Observed Treatment Shot Course
FIFA- Federation of International Football Association
ISBN- International Standard Book Number
TOEFL- Test of English as a Foreign Language
SIM- Subscriber Identification Module
IPM- Integrated Pest Management
INM- Integrated Nutrient Management
ICIMOD- International Center for Integrated Mountain Development @ Ktm, Nepal
ICARDA- International Centre for Agriculture Research in Dry Area @ Lebanon
ICRISAT- International Crop Research Institute for Semi and Arid Tropics @ Hyderabad, India
IITA- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture @ Nigeria
SAARC- South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation
SRI- System of Rice Intensification



CHAPTER 4. COUNTRY , CAPITAL , CURRIENCIES / BOOKS AND AUTHORS
4.1 SOME COUNTRIES CAPITAL & CURRENCIES
Country
Capital
Currency
Afganistan
Kabul
Afgani
AUSTRALIAA
Canberra
Australian Dollar
Bangladesh
Dhaka
Taka
Bhutan
Thimpu
Nageltum
China
Beijing
Yuan
Cuba
Havana
Peso
Denmark
Copenhegan
Krone
Turkey
Ankara
Lira (oldest currency)

4.2 SOME BOOKS AND AUTHORS
·          Stolen Imagesà Lain Singh Wangdel
·          Akash Bivajit Cha à book written by 10 authors of Nepal
·          Palpasa Café/ Mayur Times à Narayan Wagle
·          Seto Dharti/ Karodau Kasturi à Amar Neupane (2069 Madan Prize winner)
·          Radha/ Jhola/ Adhabato à Krishna Dharabashi
·          Jail Journal/ Babu Ama ra Chora/ Hitler ra Yahudi/ Doshi Chasma /Tin Ghumtià B.P.Koirala
·          Jiwan Kanda Ki Full à Jhamak Ghimire (2068 Madan Prize winner)
·          Karnali Blues/ Phirpire à Buddi Sagar
·          Damini Veer à Rajan Mukarung (2070 Madan Prize winner)
·          Summer Love/ Saya /Monsoon à Subin Bhattarai
·          Khalanga Ma Hamala à Radha Poudel (2071 Madan Prize winner)
·          Zoya à Daniel Steel
·          The Alchemist à Paulo Coelho
·          War & Peace à Leo Tolstoy
·          Mother à Maxim Gorkey
·          Long Walk to Freedom à Nelson Mandela
·          Paradise Lost à John Milton
·          Harry Potter à J.K. Rowling
·          Maile Dekheko Nepal à Dr. Harka Gurung
·          The Three Mistakes of My Life à Chetan Bhagat
·          Das Capital à Karl Marx
·          My Experiment with Truth à Mahatma Gandhi
·          Khusi-Bijaya kumar Pandey(Madan Prize winner 2072)
·          Aina---- Ramlal joshi (Madan Prize Winner 2073)/padmashri award
·          lu/ Ghamkiri /sallipeer ®Nayan Raj Pandey
·          Maile Dekheko Nepal - Dr. Hark Gurung 


4.3 OSCAR AWARDS 2016(88th Oscar Award)

·          WinMad Max: Fury Road had 10 nominations and took home the most awards with 6 Oscar wins!
·          Leonardo DiCaprio won his first Oscar for Best Actor showcasing his role in The Revenant.
·           
.Best PICTURE : Spotlight
·          Best ACTOR : Leonardo DiCaprio, “The Revenant”
·          Best ACTRESS : Brie Larson, “Room”
·          Best DIRECTOR : Alejandro Inarritu, “The Revenant”
·          Best DOCUMENTARY FEATURE : “Amy”
·          Best FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM : “Son of Saul”, Hungary
·          Best ANIMATED FEATURE FILM : “Inside Out”
·          Best CINEMATOGRAPHY : “The Revenant,” Emmanuel Lubezki
·          Best COSTUME DESIGN : “Mad Max: Fury Road,” Jenny Beavan
·          Best FILM EDITING : “Mad Max: Fury Road,” Margaret Sixel
·          Best MAKE UP AND HAIRSTYLING : “Mad Max: Fury Road,” Lesley Vanderwalt, Elka Wardega and Damian Martin
·          Best ORIGINAL SCORE : “The Hateful Eight,” Ennio Morricone
·          Best ORIGINAL SONG : “Writing’s on the Wall”from “Spectre,” music and lyrics by Jimmy Napes and Sam Smith
·          Best PRODUCTION DESIGN : “Mad Max: Fury Road,” Colin Gibson (production design); Lisa Thompson (set decoration)
·          Best SOUND EDITING : “Mad Max: Fury Road,” Mark Mangini and David White
·          Best SOUND MIXING : “Mad Max: Fury Road,” Chris Jenkins, Gregg Rudloff and Ben Osmo
·          Best VISUAL EFFECTS : “Ex Machina,” Andrew Whitehurst, Paul Norris, Mark Ardington and Sara Bennett
·          Best ANIMATED SHORT FILM : “Bear Story”
·          Best DOCUMENTARY SHORT SUBJECT : “A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness”
·          Best LIVE ACTION SHORT FILM : “Stutterer”

·          winner film of 2014(Best films of 2014) Bird man – Best picture
·          Actor – Eddie Redmayne (The theory of Everything)
·          Best actress – Julianne Moore (Still alive)
·          Oscar awards of 2015 held on February 22, 2015 – which was 87th academy awards.

MiSs Nepal List
  Ø   MiSs Nepal 2016-----Ashmi Shrestha
  Ø   Miss Nepal 2015--Ebhana Manandhar
  Ø   Miss Nepal 2014 à Subin Limbu
  Ø   Miss Nepal 2013 à Eshani Shrestha
  Ø   Miss Nepal 2012 à Shristi Shrestha

CHAPTER 5. GEOGRAPHY
5.1 GREATEST LARGEST DEEPEST AND LONGEST OF THE WORLD
·          Smallest continent à Australia
·          World’s Highest Mountain à Mt Everest (Nepal 8848m)
·          Largest Ocean à Pacific Ocean
·          Largest Desert à Sahara Desert
·          Largest Country à Russia
·          Largest river à The Amazon
·          Highest Waterfall à Angel falls; Venezuala
·          Longest River à Nile river; Egypt
·          Deepest lake à Baikal Lake; Siberia, Russia
·          Smallest Country à Vatican City
·          Largest Island à Greenland
·          Largest Canal à SWeg Canal

  Ø   The first doctor to transplant heart à Christian Bernard
  Ø   Number of land locked countries in the world à 34 (largest à Mangolia, Smallest à Vatican city)
  Ø   The man made structure on Earth which can be seen from space à The Great Wall of China
  Ø   The first country to provide the written constitution to its people à USA
  Ø   Country which do not have its own coins à Paraguay
  Ø   Country with no national anthem à Switzerland

5.2 GEOGRAPHY NEPAL
·          Himalayan region 15% of land with 16 districts
·          Hilly region 68% of land with 39 districts
·          Terai region 17%of land with 20 districts.
·          Land with the lowest altitude from sea level àDhnusa Musaharniya(59M)
·          Nepal covers an area of 0.03% of the world and 0.3% of Asia
·          Largest district à Dolpa
·          Smallest district à Bhaktapur
·          Largest Lake of Nepal à Rara
·          Deepest lake of Nepal à Shey – Phoksundo (Y – Shaped lake)
·          The lake situated at highest altitude of the world à Tilicho (Manang)
·          The total agricultural land in terai à 53% of the total
·          Total national parks à 11
·          Biggest national park à Shey – Phoksundo N.P. (3555 sq.km)
·          Smallest national park à Rara N.P. (106 sq.km)
·          First national Park à Chitwan N.P (listed in world heritage site) established in 1973 AD
·          Last national park (recently established) à Banke N.P.
·          Langtang N.P. famous for Red Panda & Chitwan N.P. famous for One horned rhino
·          Koshi Tappu Wildlife reserve famous for Wild buffalo (Arna)
GEOGRAPHICAL NICK NAMES
·          Country of Midnight Sun à Norway
·          Country of White Elephant à Thailand
·          Country of Rising Sun à Japan
·          Country of Thousand Elephants à Laos
·          Country of Cakes à Scotland
·          Pearl of the east à Srilanka

CHAPTER 6.  JENERAL  INFORMATIONS ABOUT  NEPAL
               Total municipality in Nepal à 191
ü  Metropolitian Municipality à 1 (Ktm)
ü  Submetropolitian Municipality à 11
§        Total Village Development Committee (VDC) in Nepal à 3276
§        The districts without VDC à 2 (Kathmandu & Bhaktapur)
§        Population of Nepal according to census 2068 BS à 26494504
§        Male population 48.5% & female population 51.5%
§        Population density @ census 2068 BS à 180 population/sq.km
§        Literacy rate @ census 2068 BS à 65.9% (male à 75.1% & female à 57.4%)
§        1st president of Nepal à Dr. Ram Baran Yadav
§        1st Vice – President of Nepal à Parmananda Jha
§        Present Prime Minister of Nepal àPushp kamal Dahal prachand(First communist PM who become pM for two times.d(39thh Prime Minister of Nepal)
§        Present Finance Minister of Nepal à Dr. Ramsharan Mahat
§        Present Agriculture Minister of Nepal à Gauri Sankar Chaudhari  
§        1st Prime Minister of Nepal à Bhimsen Thapa
§        1st Lady Minister of Nepal à Dwarika Devi Thakurani
§        1st Census taken in Nepal à 1968 BS (1911 AD)
§        1st five year plan started in Nepal (1956-1961 AD) à 2013, Asoj 01
§        Districts linking both India and China à 2 (Darchula & Taplejung)
§        District of Baunna Pokhari Tripanna Tal à Rukum
§        Baglung district is known as district of Hanging bridges. It is the district with the boundary similar to map of Nepal.
§        District of Terai not linked with Mahendra Highway à Parsa
§        Famous district for production of Coffee à Gulmi
§        Famous district of Orange production à Dhankuta
§        Total budget allocated for Fiscal year 2072/73 BS à 8 Kharab 19 arab 64 crore &88 lakh.
§        Severe earthquake on 12th Baisakh 2072 BS at 11:36 am took more than 8850 people.(7.6 richtor Scale a/c gov.)
§        CEO of present Cricket Association Nepal à Bhawana Ghimire
§        Constitution Asembly – 2 election at 2070/08/04

§        CNN Hero 2010 à Anuradha Koirala
§        CNN Hero 2012 à Puspa Basnet
§        1st Myagassae Prize Winner à Tulshi Mehar Shrestha

CHAPTER 7. SOME TIPS TO BY HEART /CONVERSIONS /REVOLUTIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS
1.        Most comedy picture in Facebook à Chinese Basketball player Yaw Ming
2.        Director of movie Slumdog Millionaire à Dany Boyle [IAAS 2069]
3.        Director of movie Titanic & Avatar à James Cameroon
4.        Number of national parks in the World is about 7000. [AFU 2069]
5.        Baburam Acharya coined the name Sagarmatha for Mt.Everest
6.        Number of pointed sides in the sun of national flag of Nepal is 12 & in the moon is 8.
7.        Bird found only in Nepal à Kande Bhyakur (Spiny babbler)
8.        Founder of Google à Larry Page & Sargey Brin (meaning of Google is 1000 zeros after one)
9.        Founder of Facebook à Mark Zuckerberg [IAAS 2069]
10.    Founder of Yahoo à Jerry Yang & David Fillo
11.    First test tube baby à Louis Brown [IAAS 2068]
12.    Nepal ranks 18th position among rice cultivating nation in the world.
13.    Father of Agronomy in Nepal à Netra Bahadur Basnyat
14.    Golden rice is genetically modified rice with yellow colored seeds rich in vitamin A
15.    Date palm is the oldest fruit.
16.    Rye is known as grain of poverty.
17.    Tomato is known as poor man’s orange.
18.    DDT was the first discovered insecticide by Paul Muller.
19.    Maximum amount of sugar in honey is 73%.
20.    Mandarin is alled fancy fruits.
21.    Cardamom production highest in Nepal in the world.
22.    Dance of bee is called waggle dance.
23.    Apple production is highest in China.
24.    King of cereals is Wheat and Queen of cereals is Maize.
25.    Orchidaceae is the largest family among flowering plants.
26.    National Agriculture Policy in 2061 BS
27.    Gaurab hybrid & Rampur hybrid are the only hybrid varieties in Nepal in maize.
28.    Halo kranti started in 2006 BS from Duradanda, Lamung.
29.    OVOP (One Village One Product) practice in Nepal base on PPP (Public Private Partnership) approach started from Japan.
30.    One Village Two Product practice is prevailing in Bhutan.
31.    Year of Family farming à 2014
32.    Yellow color of Papaya is due to Cryptoxanthin.
33.    Edible part of apple is enlarged thalamus and edible part of cabbage is bud while that of cauliflower is inflorescence.
34.    Earthworm is farmer’s friend.
35.    39.6% of area of Nepal’s land is covered by forest.
36.    Japan is Nepal’s largest bilateral donor.
37.    Lentil is a major pulse crop with efficient export.
38.    Crop and livestock insurance started in Nepal in 2069 Magh 1
39.    Triticale is artificial cereal crop.
40.    China is the world’s highest rice producer and Vietnam is the world’s highest rice exporter.
41.    Azolla is widely used bio – fertilizer in Rice Crop.
42.    Amendment of acid soil is done by lime and of alkaline soil is done by CaSO4
43.    Tomato is known as poor man’s orange.
44.    Air layering in litchi is to epicotyl grafting in Mango
45.    Anadi, Jumli Marshi, Pokhreli Jetho Budo are indigenous variety of Rice in Nepal.
46.    Readily available form of water to plants is capillary water.
47.    Limiting amino acid in Cereals are Lysine and threonine whereas limiting amino acid in legumes are methionine and tryptophan.
48.    Stubble is the portion of stem that is left on the field during harvest.
49.    Leguminous crop is considered as biological plough.

7.1 SOME IMPORTANT CONVERSIONS
§        1 hectare = 10000m2 = 30 katha = 20 ropani = 2.47 acre = 1.5 bigha
§        1 bigha = 20 katha = 13.31 ropani
§        1 ropani = 16 anna = 508.5m2
§        1 katha = 20 dhur = 338.6m2
§        1 pathi = 8 mana
§        1 mana = 568 ml
§        1 muri = 20 pathi
§        1 ton = 1000 kg
§        1 kg = 2.2 pound
§        1 pound = 16 ounce
§        1 inch = 2.54 cm
§        1 gallon = 4.5 ltr

7.2 SOME REVOLUTIONS ON AGRICULTURE
§        Black Revolution à Petroleum Production
§        Green Revolution à (1965/66) in Agriculture
§        White Revolution à Related to milk production or operation
§        Blue Revolution à Fisheries production
§        Brown Revolution à Leather/Cocoa production
§        Golden Revolution à horticulture production/ honey production
§        Golden Fiber Revolution à Jute production
§        Gray Revolution à Fertilizer production
§        Pink Revolution à Onion/ Prawn production
§        Red Revolution à Meat/tomato production
§        Silver Revolution à Egg/ Poultry production
§        Yellow Revolution à production of oilseeds
§        Round Revolution à Potato production
§        Fibre Revolution à Cotton production
§        Rainbow Revolution à Agriculture

7.3 CONTRIBUTIONS IN AGRICULTURE
§        Sociology à Auguste Comte
§        Statistics à R.A. Fisher
§        Economics à Adam Smith
§        Soil Science à V.V. Dokuchaev
§        Tillage à Jethro Tull
§        Green Revolution à Norman E Borlaug
§        Modern Agronomy à Peter De Crescent
§        Organic Farming à Rudolf Steiner
§        Plant pathology®Anton Be berry

CHAPTER 8.    NATIONAL COMMODITY RESEARCH PROGRAMS UNDER NARC AND THEIR LOCATIONS
·          National Rice Research Program; Hardinath, Dhanusa
·          National Wheat Research Program; Bhairahawa, Rupandehi
·          National Maize Research Program; Rampur, Chitwan
·          National Grain Legume Research Program; Khajura,Banke (recently transferred from Rampur, Chitwan)
·          National Potato Research Program; Khumaltar, Lalitpur
·          National Swine & Avian Research Program; Khumaltar, Lalitpur
·          National Sheep & Goat Research Program; Jumla
·          National Oil Seeds Research Program; Nawalpur, Sarlahi
·          National Sugarcane Research Program; Jitpur, Bara
·          National Citrus Research Program; Paripatle, Dhankuta
·          National Jute Research Program; Itahari, Sunsari
·          National Ginger Research Program; Kapurkot, Salyan
·          Hill Crop Research Program; Kavre, Dolakha
·          National Bovine Research Program; Khumaltar, Lalitpur
·          National Tobacco Research Program; Belachapi, Janakpur
·          Apple Processing Centre; Jumla
·          Cotton Research Centre; Khajura, Banke

CHAPTER 9. PLANT SCIENCE AT A GLANCE
SOME BOTANICAL NAMES OF CROPS IN AGRICULTURE
1.        Apple àMalus pumila
2.        Banana àMusa paradisica
3.        Mango àMangifera indica [IAAS 2067]
4.        Tomato àLycopersicum esculentum
5.        Potato àSolanum tuberosum (solanine an alkaloid to cause green pigmentation in potato; as an agent for bitter taste)
6.        Rice àOryza sativa
7.        Cauliflower àBrassica oleracea var capitata
8.        Cabbage àBrassica oleracea var botrytis
9.        Soyabean àGlycine max
10.    Maize àZea mays
11.    Wheat àTriticum aestivum
12.    Tea àCammelia sinensis/ Thea sinensis
13.    Cucumber àCucumis sativus
14.    Tulsi àOsimum sanctum
15.    Neem àAzadiracta indica
16.    Marigold àTagetus patula
17.    Rose à Rosa sinensis
18.    Lentil àLens esculenta
19.    Chilli àCapsicum ammum (sweet pepper); Capsicum frutescens (hot pepper)
20.    Carrot àDaucus carrota
21.    Dubo àCynodon dactylon
22.    Coffee àCoffea Arabica

PLANT SCIENCE AT GLANCE
·          Dr. Norman E. Borlaug is the pioneer of Green Revolution & was awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 1970.
·          Rice, wheat and maize are cereal crops while buckwheat & amaranthus are pseudocereals.
·          Wheat and maize show hypogeal germination but soyabean & chickpea show epigeal germination.
·          Application of fertilizers with irrigation water is known as fertigation.
·          Khaira disease in rice is due to Zinc deficiency.

Some Varieties
Riceà Loktantra, Makawanpur-1, Hardinath-1, Anadi, Jumla marshi, Pokhreli Jetho Budo, Sabitri
Wheat àLumbini, Bhrikuti, Annapurna-1,2,3,4, Kanti, Gautam, Lerma-52
Maize àGaurab hybrid, arun-2, manakamana-3,4, Rampur composite
Potato àKufrijyoti, Khumal laxmi, President, Janakdev
Cauliflower àKtm local, Dolpa snowball
Radish àTokinase, Pyuthan red
Tomato àSrijana, Surya, Roma
Cabbage àCopenhagen market
Mango àBombay green, Amrapali, Alfanso
Apple àRed delicious, Golden delicious

Interesting Facts
       Ø   Tree of Paradise/wisdom à Banana
       Ø   King of Fruits/ Bathroom Fruit à Mango
       Ø   Bitter taste of Bitter Gourd due to à Cucurbitacin/ Bitter Glucoside
       Ø   Rice is semi – aquatic in nature.
       Ø   Critical stage for irrigation in wheat is CRI
       Ø   Cotton fiber k/a White Gold.
       Ø   Apple of tropics/Poor man’s apple à Guava
       Ø   Poor man’s meat à Soyabean
       Ø   Poor man’s friend/ King of Vegetable à Potato
       Ø   World’s highest cereal production à Wheat
       Ø   Nepal’s highest cereal production à Rice
       Ø   Queen of spice crops à Cardamom
       Ø   King of spice à Black pepper
       Ø   Queen of Flower à Gladiolus
       Ø   King of flower à Dahlia
       Ø   Butter fruit à Avocado
       Ø   Queen of Beverage à Tea
       Ø   King of Temperate fruit à Apple
       Ø   Drosophila of crop plants à Maize
       Ø   Vegetable meat à Cowpea

NPK Content of fertilizer
  Ø   Urea à 46%  Nitrogen
  Ø   DAP(Diammonium Phosphate) à 18% N, 46% Phosphorus
  Ø   MoP(Muriate of Potash) à 60% potash
  Ø   SSP(Single Superphosphate) à 16% P
  Ø   DSP(Double Sugar Phosphate) à 32% P
  Ø   TSP(Triple Sugar Phosphate) à 48% P
  Ø   ZnSO4 à 22-35% Zinc

Cropping seasons
Planting season
Examples
Kharif = Short day plants
May/June to Sept/Oct
Rice, Maize
Rabi = Long day plants
 Oct/Nov to March/April
Wheat, Barley, Oat
Zaid = Dayneutral
March/April to May/June
Sunflower, Tomato, Cotton


  Ø   Study of soil is known as pedology
  Ø   Water holding capacity is highest in clayey soil but better aeration in sandy soil.
  Ø   Soil = 5% of OM(organic matter) + 25% soil water + 25% soil air + 45% mineral/inorganic matter
  Ø   Study of soil à pedology (soil genesis)/ edaphology (soil in relation to plant production)
  Ø   Clayey soil is the bank of plant nutrient.
  Ø   Naturally formed soil aggregate is ped and artificially formed soil aggregate is clod.
  Ø   Red soil is due to presence of Fe.
Soil particles
USDA System (diameter)
ISSS System (diameter)
Sand
0.005-2 mm
0.02 – 2 mm
Silt
0.002- 0.05mm
0.002- 0.02 mm
Clay
<0.002mm
<0.002mm
(USDA – United States Department of Agriculture, ISSS – International Soil Sciences Society)

  CHAPTER 9. BELEFICIALS ON ANIMAL SCIENCE

Bleating- the noise made by goats specially females at estrus.
Bloat- a disorder of ruminants characterized by accumulation of gas in rumen.
Casein- the primary protein of the milk.
Castration- process of removal of testicles.
Colostrum- the milk produced by female mammals in the very first few days after the parturition.
Culling- the process of eliminating non productive or undesirable animals from the herd
Docking- removal of tail
Debeaking- removal of beak.
Dyatocia- abnormal or difficult labour at parturition.
Euthanasia- painless killing of animals.
Eyeing- clipping away excess wool around the eyes of sheep
Fleece- entire coat of wool.
Flushing- feeding animals before breeding seasons.
Free-martin- a heifer, usually sterile, born twin with a bull.
Grooming- cleaning body of animals
Maiden heifer- an adult female that has not been allowed to breed
Mastectomy- removal of mammary gland.
Molting- shedding and replacement features of poultry birds.
Parturition- the act of giving the birth in mammals.
Shearing- the process of removal of wool from sheep.
Still born- born lifeless, dead at birth.
Spaying- the process of removal of ovaries.
Wallowing- rolling or flounding in mud or in water (related to Buffalo)
Whelping- act of parturition in dog.
  Ø   Goat is called poor man’s cow.
  Ø   Male adult of horse is stallion and female adult of horse is mare.
  Ø   Heifer is young female cattle.
  Ø   Young male poultry is cockrel and young female poultry is pullet.
  Ø   Black gold à Buffalo
  Ø   Yellow gold à colostrums milk
  Ø   King of fodder à Elephant grass/Napier
  Ø   Queen of fodder à Leucerne
  Ø   Freshly drawn milk has the PH value in range of 6.5-6.7
  Ø   Evening milk is higher in fat than morning milk
  Ø   Amount of milk left in udder after normal milking is called residual milk.
  Ø   Water content of milk is 87-88%
  Ø   Gizzard in poultry is used grinding of food whereas proventiculus in poultry is the true stomach.
  Ø   Abomasum is true stomach in ruminants.
  Ø   Omasum is absent in camel and rumen is water storing sac.
  Ø   Sweetness in milk is due to Lactose.
  Ø   Milk holiday is the day when the dairy does not buy milk from the farmers.
  Ø   Milk storage is done at 5°C.
  Ø   1 lit of milk can be synthesized by 500 lit. of blood circulation in body.
  Ø   Milk is complete nutrient. It lacks only Fe.
  Ø   Meat of calf is k/a veal.
  Ø   Ear notching is the best identification method in pig.
  Ø   Gall bladder is absent in horse.
  Ø   Elephant has longest gestation period i.e. 18-23 months(624days)
  Ø   Kavrepalanchowk is the highest milk producing district in Nepal.
  Ø   Semen is stored in liquid Nitrogen in -196°C; the process of storage is k/a Cryopreservation.

Common animal diseases
a)       Bacterial diseases: Anthrax, Brucellosis(Bang’s disease), Black Quarter(Black leg), Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Mastitis
b)      Fungal diseases: Aspergillosis, Candidiasis, Ringworm
c)       Protozoal diseases: Coccidiosis, Babasiosis
d)      Viral diseases: Foot and Mouth disease, Swine fever(hog cholera), New castle disease, Marek’s


Common Poultry Diseases
  Ø   New Castle Disease/Ranikhet
  Ø   Mareck’s Disease (MD)
  Ø   Gumboro
  Ø   Coccidiosis
  Ø   Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD)
  Ø   Avian Influenza/Bird Flu- H5N1, H9N2


Some common livestock Breeds


Breeds of
Indigenous breeds
Exotic breeds
Cattle
Siri, Lulu, Achhami/Naumuthe gai (world’s smallest cattle breed), Yak, Khaila, Pahadi, Terai
Jersey(Highest fat content), Holstein Friesian(Highest Milk Production), Brown-Swiss, Red Sindhi, Hariyana, Sahiwal(Highest Lactose Content), Amritmahal
Buffalo
Gaddi, Parkote, Lime
Murrah(most commonly found in Nepal, most efficient milk producer), Jaffarbadi, NIli-Rabi, Surti
Sheep
Lampuchhre, Kage(smallest breed), Baruwal, Bhyanglung, Dhorel
Marino(Golden footed breed, highest wool production), Lincoln, Rambouillet, Leicester
Goat
Terai, Sinhal, Chyangra, Khari
Barbari, Beetal, Boer goat(for meat purpose), Jamunapari
Pig
Chwanche, Hurrah, Bampudke(smallest breed)
Hampshire, Yorkshire, Duroc, Landrace, Pakhribas Black
Poultry
Sakini, Ghatikhuile, Pwankhulte/Dumse
Cobb, Hubbard, Hybro, Venn-cobb…some commercial layers are Hyaline, Lohmann, Red web cob, Hiper



Details of some livestocks


SN
Details
Cattle
Buffalo
Sheep
Goat
Pig
poultry
1.
Species
Bovine
Bovine
Ovine
Caprine
Swine
Poultry
2.
Group
Herd
Herd
Flock/hurtle
Flock/trip band
Herd/drove
Flock/stag
3.
Male adult
Bull
Buffalo-bull
Ram/Tup
Buck/Billy
Boar
Cook/Rooster
4.
Female adult
Cow
Buffalo-cow
Ewe
Doe/Nanny
Sow
Hen
5.
New borne
Calf
Buffalo calf
Lamb
Kid
Piglets
Chicks
6.
Castrated male
Bullock/Steer
Bullock
Wedder
Buck
Hog/Stag
Capon
7.
Act of parturition
Calving
Calving
Lambing
Kidding
Farrowing
Hatching
8.
Meat
Beef
Buff
Mutton
Chovon
Pork
Chicken
9.
Gestation period(days)
282
307
151
151
114
21(hatching period)
10.
Temp(°F)
99.5-102.2
98.3-103.3
101.3-104.0
101.3-104.9
100.4-104.0
104.9-107.4
11.
Dental formula
0033/4033
0033/4033
0033/4033
0033/4033
3143/3143
Absent
12.
Scientific names
Bos taurus(humpless)/indicus(humped)
Bubalus bubalis
Ovis aries
Capra hircus
Sus scrofa(wild)
Sus domesticus(domestic)

Gallus domesticus
DuckàAnas platyrincus
















MCQ’s


1.Sugar milk is called
a.        Lactose
b.        Fructose
c.         Glucose
d.        Maltose
1.        Whiptail in cauliflower is due to
a.        Cadmium
b.        Molybdenum
c.         Manganese
d.        Boron
2.        Which of the following is egg plant?
a.        Carrot
b.        Onion
c.         Brinjal
d.        Pointed gourd
3.        1 ppm is equivalent to
a.        1 gm/lit
b.        1 mg/lit
c.         10 mg/lit
d.        100 gm/lit
4.        CIMMYT is related to
a.        Potato
b.        Maize
c.         Wheat
d.        Maize and wheat
5.        Smallest seed among vegetable crop is
a.        Tomato
b.        Amaranthus
c.         Asparagus
d.        none
6.        World Disabled Day is celebrated on
a.        Dec 3
b.        March 11
c.         April 3
d.        Sept 11
7.        The only skimmed milk powder production plant in Nepal is located at
a.        Biratnagar
b.        Pokhara
c.         Chitwan
d.        Hetauda
8.        Mastitis is the disease of
a.        Teats
b.        Skin
c.         Muscle
d.        udder
9.        A growing cow which is not calved yet
a.        Heifer
b.        Free-martin
c.         Bull
d.        Sire
10.    Grassland used for livestock graze is
a.        Fodder
b.        Pasture
c.         Ranch
d.        Both b & c
11.    Egg size for the egg selection
a.        75 gm
b.        52 gm
c.         58 gm
d.        45 gm
12.    Broiler is used for
a.        Meat purpose
b.        Egg purpose
c.         Both meat and egg
d.        none
13.    _____ has highest fat content in its milk
a.        Cow
b.        Goat
c.         Dog
d.        Human
14.    Horticulture deals with
a.        Flowers
b.        Vegetables
c.         Fruits
d.        all
15.    Which of the following is beverage crop?
a.        Maize
b.        Wheat
c.         Barley
d.        Rice
16.    Pharping local is the popular variety of
a.        Apple
b.        Pear
c.         Peach
d.        Plum
17.    If 1kg of Urea contain 46% N , what % of N is calculated from 46kg of Urea
a.        100%
b.        48%
c.         1%
d.        46%
18.    Which part of Litchi is consumed?
a.        Mesocarp
b.        Fleshy aril
c.         Rind
d.        placenta
19.    Bonsai culture has originated from
a.        Korea
b.        Japan
c.         Mongolia
d.        China
20.    Largest flower
a.        Wolfia
b.        Dahlia
c.         Rafflesia
d.        Sunflower
21.    Which part of sugarcane is sown by farmers?
a.        Seed
b.        Seedling
c.         Sets
d.        grafts
22.    Which variety of rice is cultivated in highest altitude of the world?
a.        Taichung-176
b.        Khumal-6
c.         Jumli Marsi
d.        Basmati
23.    My Land & My People was famous book from
a.        Ram Charan
b.        Dalai Lama
c.         Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
d.        Ang Sang Suki
24.    Epicentre and magnitude of earthquake in Nepal at baisakh 12, 2072
a.        7.2, Lamjung
b.        8.0, Nuwakot
c.         7.8, Barpak
d.        7.4, Barpak
25.    Hard wood cutting is typical in
a.        Mango
b.        Litchi
c.         Grape
d.        Citrus
26.    Barak Obama, The president of USA comes from which of the following American states?
a.        California
b.        Illinois
c.         Virginia
d.        Alabama
27.    Angora is a popular breed of
a.        Buffalo
b.        Cattle
c.         Rabbit& goat
d.        Swine
28.    The first Asian games were held on
a.        China
b.        India
c.         Pakistan
d.        Iran
29.    The headquarter of world trade organization (WTO) is ______
a.        Montreal
b.        Seatle
c.         Geneva
d.        The hague
30.    Little leaf of brinjal is due to
a.        Bacteria
b.        Virus
c.         Fungi
d.        nematode
31.    Diagrams and graphs are the tools of
a.        Collection of data
b.        Analysis
c.         Presentation
d.        none
32.    Nobel peace prize 2014 was awarded to
a.        Kailash Satyarthi & Malala Yousafzai
b.        Barak Hussein Obama
c.         Ang Sang Suki
d.        Toyo Hero Akiya
33.    ICC T20 2016 World cup cricket will be held at
a.        England
b.        Newzealand
c.         India
d.         Zimbabwe
34.    Which is the largest party in Nepal from the CA election 2070 Mangshir 4?
a.        CPN UML
b.        Raprapa Nepal
c.         Nepali Congress
d.        Unified-CPN Maoist
35.    The length of Mahendra Highway is
a.        1024km
b.        1200km
c.         1028km
d.        1000km
36.    Night blindness is due to the deficiency of
a.        K
b.        E
c.         A
d.        d
37.    Most wine producing country
a.        France
b.        Egypt
c.         Greece
d.        Italy
38.    The first Ostrich farming in Nepal was initiated by
a.        CP Sharma
b.        Shishir Sharma
c.         LB Chhetri
d.        Sagar Lamsal
39.    Smallest cattle breed in the world is
a.        Brown-Swiss
b.        Khaila
c.         Siri
d.        Achammi
40.    Which of the fish is cultured in running water?
a.        Common Carp
b.        Tilapia
c.         Naini
d.        Rainbow Trout
41.    Giri raj is a
a.        Duck
b.        Rabbit
c.         Hen
d.        Turkey
42.    Pneumonia is related to
a.        Heart
b.        Liver
c.         Lung
d.        Vent
43.    Milk fever is due to deficiency of
a.        Magnesium
b.        Calcium
c.         Casein
d.        Sodium
44.    Which country is called sugar bowl of the world;
a.        Guatemala
b.        Hondurus
c.         Cuba
d.        Haiti
45.    Agriculture census started in Nepal from:
a.        2012
b.        2022
c.         2018
d.        2014
46.    The number of members for co-operative are:
a.        15
b.        25
c.         22
d.        24
47.    The pocket area for production of potato is
a.        Kaski
b.        Gulmi
c.         Syangja
d.        lamjung
48.    First computer programmer
a.        Charles Darwin
b.        Blaise Pascal
c.         Herman Holirith
d.        Lady Agusta Ada Lovlace
49.    Minsk is the capital city of
a.        Russia
b.        Hondurus
c.         Belize
d.        Belarus
50.    ELISA test is common in
a.        Tuberculosis
b.        Typhoid
c.         Ebola
d.        Parkinson’s disease
51.    District linked with more no of districts
a.        Baglung
b.        Dhading
c.         Pyuthan
d.        Makawanpur
52.    Headquarter of ICIMOD is at
a.        New Delhi
b.        Islamabad
c.         Kathmandu
d.        Dhaka
53.    2 hac of land is equivalent to
a.        10000m2
b.        60 katha
c.         1.5 bigha
d.        20 ropani
54.    Which of the following is legumonuos ?
a.        Sisso
b.        Cowpea
c.         Tamarindus
d.        All
55.    Who is the present campus chief at Lamjung Campus?
a.        Yam Bahadur Gurung
b.        Dr. Lal Prasad Amgai
c.         Dr. Dilliram Baral
d.        Rameshwar Jaiswal
56.    Sodium is stored in
a.        Urine
b.        Kerosine
c.         Distilled water
d.        Ozonized water
57.    Mimic weed of rice is
a.        Sama
b.        Ragate jhar
c.         Gandhe
d.        Dudhe jhar
58.    Red cross day is celebrated on
a.        March 11
b.        June 8
c.         May 8
d.        February 14
59.    Full form of DOA is
a.        Directorate of Agriculture
b.        Department of Agriculture
c.         District Agriculture Office
d.        Deputy Agriculture Officer







Answersheet
1.a
2.b
3.c
4.b
5.d
6.b
7.a
8.a
9.d
10.a
11.d
12.c
13.a
14.c
15.d
16.c
17.b
18.d
19.b
20.b
21.c
22.c
23.c
24.b
25.c
26.c
27.b
28.c
29.b
30.c
31.b
32.b
33.a
34.c
35.c
36.c
37.c
38.d
39.a
40.d
41.d
42.c
43.c
44.b
45.c
46.c
47.b
48.a
49.d
50.d
51.c
52.d
53.c
54.b
55.d
56.b
57.b
58.a
59.c
60.b

























  

  


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नेपालमा च्याउ खेतीको इतिहास (History of Mushroom Cultivation in Nepal)

नेपालमा २०२८ सालबाट च्याउ उत्पादन शुरु भएको हो । सव्रप्रथम कन्ये च्याउको उत्पादन र अनुसन्धान पश्चात् २०२९ सालमा गोब्रे च्याउको खेती प्रविधि सम्बन्धि अनुसन्धान भएको हो । त्यस समय कृषि अनुसन्धान परिषद् अन्तर्गत बाली विज्ञान महाशाखाबाट च्याउ खेती प्रविधि सम्बन्धि अध्ययन सफल भएपछि २०३७ सालबाट देशका विभिन्न स्थानका किसानहरुलाई च्याउ खेती प्रविधि सम्बन्धि तालिम दिई यसको विस्तार गर्ने कार्य भएको हो । २०३७ सालबाट नै काठमाडौको बलम्बुमा निरन्तर रुपमा च्याउखे ती गरिदै आइएको छ । बर्तमान समयमा च्याउ उपभोग गर्ने मानिसहरुको संख्या बृद्धि हुदै गएकाले यसको व्यावसायिक उत्पादन गर्ने किसानहरुको संख्या पनि दिनानुदिन बृद्धि हुदै गइहेको छ । हाल नेपालको ७० जिल्लामा च्याउ खेती विस्तार भएको छ भने ४० जिल्लाहरुमा व्यावसायिक रुपमा च्याउ उत्पादन गर्ने किसानहरु रहेका छन् । अन्य खेती भन्दा छिटो र सरल तरिकाबाट उत्पादन लिन सकिने भएकाले नेपालमा दिनानुदिन यो व्यावसायमा लाग्न शिक्षित र अशिक्षित दुवै प्रकारका किसानहरुको संख्या बढ्दै गएको छ । यसको खेतीका लागि मल,माटो र सिँचाईको खासै आवश्यकता नपर्ने भएकाले थोरै जमिन भए

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